Paradigm Generator

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Paradigm Generator

Indicative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdem	om lapkaŋde
2SG:	lapkaŋdet	ot lapkaŋde
3SG:	lapkaŋda	ok/ogeš lapkaŋde
1PL:	lapkaŋdena	ona/ogə̑na lapkaŋde
2PL:	lapkaŋdeda	oda/ogə̑da lapkaŋde
3PL:	lapkaŋdat	ogə̑t lapkaŋde

Indicative Simple Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdə̑šə̑m	šə̑m lapkaŋde
2SG:	lapkaŋdə̑šə̑č́	šə̑č́ lapkaŋde
3SG:	lapkaŋdə̑š	ə̑š lapkaŋde
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑šna	ə̑šna lapkaŋde
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑šda	ə̑šda lapkaŋde
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑št	ə̑št lapkaŋde

Indicative Simple Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdenam	lapkaŋden omə̑l
2SG:	lapkaŋdenat	lapkaŋden otə̑l
3SG:	lapkaŋden	lapkaŋden ogə̑l
1PL:	lapkaŋdenna	lapkaŋden onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:	lapkaŋdenda	lapkaŋden odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:	lapkaŋdenə̑t	lapkaŋden ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdem ə̑l'e	om lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
2SG:	lapkaŋdet ə̑l'e	ot lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
3SG:	lapkaŋda ə̑l'e	ok/ogeš lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
1PL:	lapkaŋdena ə̑l'e	ona/ogə̑na lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
2PL:	lapkaŋdeda ə̑l'e	oda/ogə̑da lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
3PL:	lapkaŋdat ə̑l'e	ogə̑t lapkaŋde ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdem ulmaš	om lapkaŋde ulmaš
2SG:	lapkaŋdet ulmaš	ot lapkaŋde ulmaš
3SG:	lapkaŋda ulmaš	ok/ogeš lapkaŋde ulmaš
1PL:	lapkaŋdena ulmaš	ona/ogə̑na lapkaŋde ulmaš
2PL:	lapkaŋdeda ulmaš	oda/ogə̑da lapkaŋde ulmaš
3PL:	lapkaŋdat ulmaš	ogə̑t lapkaŋde ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdenam ə̑l'e	lapkaŋden omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:	lapkaŋdenat ə̑l'e	lapkaŋden otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:	lapkaŋden ə̑l'e	lapkaŋden ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:	lapkaŋdenna ə̑l'e	lapkaŋden onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:	lapkaŋdenda ə̑l'e	lapkaŋden odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:	lapkaŋden ə̑l'e	lapkaŋden ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdenam ulmaš	lapkaŋden omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:	lapkaŋdenat ulmaš	lapkaŋden otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:	lapkaŋden ulmaš	lapkaŋden ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:	lapkaŋdenna ulmaš	lapkaŋden onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:	lapkaŋdenda ulmaš	lapkaŋden odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:	lapkaŋden ulmaš	lapkaŋden ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	lapkaŋde	it lapkaŋde
3SG:	lapkaŋdə̑že	ə̑nže lapkaŋde
1PL:	(lapkaŋdena)	(ona/ogə̑na lapkaŋde)
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑za	ida lapkaŋde
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑št	ə̑nə̑št lapkaŋde

Desiderative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nem	ə̑nem lapkaŋde
2SG:	lapkaŋdə̑net	ə̑net lapkaŋde
3SG:	lapkaŋdə̑neže	ə̑než lapkaŋde
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nena	ə̑nena lapkaŋde
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑neda	ə̑neda lapkaŋde
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nešt	ə̑nešt lapkaŋde

Desiderative Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nem ə̑l'e	ə̑nem lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
2SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e	ə̑net lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
3SG:	lapkaŋdə̑neže ə̑l'e	ə̑než lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e	ə̑nena lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑neda ə̑l'e	ə̑neda lapkaŋde ə̑l'e
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nešt ə̑l'e	ə̑nešt lapkaŋde ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	lapkaŋdə̑net ulmaš	ə̑net lapkaŋde ulmaš
3SG:	lapkaŋdə̑neže ulmaš	ə̑než lapkaŋde ulmaš
1PL:	/	/
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑neda ulmaš	ə̑neda lapkaŋde ulmaš
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nešt ulmaš	ə̑nešt lapkaŋde ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:	lapkaŋdaš
Necessitive infinitive:	lapkaŋdə̑man
Active participle:	lapkaŋdə̑še
Passive participle:	lapkaŋdə̑me
Future-necessitive participle:	lapkaŋdə̑šaš
Negative participle:	lapkaŋdə̑də̑me
Affirmative instructive gerund:	lapkaŋden
Negative gerund:	lapkaŋdə̑de
Gerund of prior action:	lapkaŋdə̑mek(e)
Gerund of future action:	lapkaŋdə̑meš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:	lapkaŋdə̑šə̑la
Nominalization:	lapkaŋdə̑maš
Negative nominalization:	lapkaŋdə̑də̑maš


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Last update: 10 August 2023